유리 섬유 PP를 위한 장수 배터리 팩 형 정밀 주입 공구

The riser is the only channel for low-pressure casting aluminum liquid to pass from the crucible to the sprue. Many factories attribute faults to process fluctuations, but in reality, corrosion, cracking, and unreasonable inner diameter of the riser are hidden sources of intermittent slag inclusion and material blockage.
1、 Quantitative standards for material, inner diameter, and insertion depth of liquid lifting tubes
Mainstream material: silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide SiSiC, with a continuous production life of 8000-15000 cycles; Ordinary graphite liquid lifting tubes have low cost and a lifespan of only 1500-3000 molds, making them prone to carbon loss and aluminum liquid pollution.
Selection of inner diameter of the riser: matched according to the filling flow rate of the casting, with a conventional diameter of 40mm to 70mm; The inner diameter is too small, the filling resistance is high, the flow velocity is too high, and the liquid surface turbulence causes slag to roll up; The inner diameter is too large, causing aluminum liquid to accumulate on the pipe wall and form nodules due to long-term high-temperature oxidation.
The depth of inserting the riser into the crucible: the distance between the nozzle and the bottom of the crucible is 40-60mm; if it is too close to the bottom, the sediment at the bottom of the furnace is easily sucked in; Too deep disassembly is inconvenient, and the corrosion at the bottom of the pipe wall accelerates.
The minimum liquid level of the aluminum liquid above the pipe opening should be ≥ 80mm. During the production process, the aluminum liquid should not be lower than the pipe opening to prevent gas backflow.
During the planning phase, Xinfeng Machinery matches the specifications of the liquid lifting tube based on the weight of the casting and the filling cycle, and provides a regular inspection checklist.
2、 Installation sealing and preheating specifications
High temperature resistant ceramic fiber sealing gasket is used between the flange of the riser and the furnace platform, and asbestos gaskets are prohibited; Poor sealing can cause air leakage, pressure curve drift, and unstable filling.
The newly installed liquid pipeline must be fully preheated and kept at 200-300 ℃ for 1-2 hours before being directly immersed in high-temperature aluminum liquid in a cold state. Thermal shock can easily cause microcracks, which gradually expand and crack due to aluminum infiltration.
The inner chamfer of the pipe mouth is R3-R5, and the aluminum liquid washes away the nodules at the sharp corner position, gradually reducing the diameter of the nodules. Later, there is a sudden blockage of the pipe.
Every time the furnace is cleaned and the aluminum liquid is replaced, check for corrosion on the outer wall and aluminum nodules on the inner wall. If the thickness of the nodules is greater than 2mm, they must be polished and cleaned.
3、 Differences in liquid lifting pipe solutions for overseas customers
The Southeast Asian production line extensively uses graphite riser pipes, which are inexpensive to purchase, frequently replaced, and accept carbon inclusion defects, making them suitable for low gross profit ordinary castings.
North American automotive parts require SiSiC nitride silicon carbide liquid pipes, and the material certificate is delivered with the mold. Carbon inclusions are a major non conformance.
European customers prioritize isostatic pressing to form SiSiC, which has high wall density, resistance to aluminum infiltration, and is less prone to aluminum nodules, reducing downtime for maintenance.
Middle East large capacity crucible, continuous production in long shifts, using thickened SiSiC riser tubes to resist long-term high-temperature corrosion and reduce tube replacement frequency.
4、 Failure defect chain of liquid lifting tube
Tumor formation on the inner wall of the riser → reduced diameter → uncontrolled filling flow rate, abnormal pressure curve → intermittent cold shut, insufficient pouring;
Microcracks on the pipe wall causing aluminum infiltration → Aluminum liquid infiltrating and expanding cracks → Swelling and cracking of the lifting pipe, aluminum liquid leakage, shutdown accident;
The pipe mouth is too close to the furnace bottom → sucking in sediment → casting large particles containing slag, and X-ray directly scrapped;
Leakage of flange seal → inability to maintain pressure → unstable filling and batch occurrence of air holes.
5、 Long tail traffic layout ideas
Liquid lifting tubes, SiSiC liquid lifting tubes, and low-pressure casting slag inclusions are designed for melting, mold, and equipment engineers.
Keywords: LPDC riser tube SiSiC, low pressure casting dip tube slab inclusion;
Problem class: riser tube insertion depth for LPDC crushable;
Comparison category: SiSiC vs graphic riser tube low pressure casting.
Suitable for crucible matching and smelting auxiliary materials special pages.
6、 Common misconceptions in the industry
Misconception 1: The larger the inner diameter of the riser, the better. If the inner diameter is too large, the aluminum liquid will accumulate on the pipe wall and oxidize faster.
Misconception 2: Directly lowering the riser into the furnace in a cold state can cause hidden cracks due to thermal shock, leading to sudden tube bursting in the later stage.
Misconception 3: Graphite lift tubes have high cost-effectiveness, carbon particles are prone to falling off, and the use of automotive X-ray parts is strictly prohibited.
FAQ
Q: What is the material of LPDC mainstream long-acting liquid lifting tube?
A: SiSiC silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide.
Q: What is the distance between the liquid lifting tube mouth and the bottom of the crucible?
A：40–60mm。
Q: What is the preheating temperature for the new liquid pipe?
A: Keep at 200-300 ℃ for 1-2 hours.
Q: Short board of graphite riser?
A: Short lifespan, easy to lose carbon, and produce carbon inclusions.
Q: Chamfering effect of pipe mouth?
A: Reduce the erosion and agglomeration of aluminum liquid to prevent the reduction of diameter.
Q: What gasket is used for flange sealing?
A: High temperature resistant ceramic fiber mat.
Q: What are the hazards of liquid lift pipe cracks?
A: Aluminum liquid infiltrates and swells, causing aluminum leakage and shutdown.
Q: Minimum liquid level control requirements?
A: The liquid level of aluminum should not be lower than the opening of the liquid lifting pipe.

The filling speed of low-pressure casting is gentle, but gas retention is still the number one defect of thin-walled shells; The exhaust groove is not just a random groove, the groove depth, position, and direction directly determine the exhaust efficiency and aluminum running risk.
1、 Quantitative standards for exhaust groove depth and width
The depth of the exhaust groove on the main parting surface is 0.08-0.12mm, and the depth of the secondary exhaust (slider and top block exhaust) is 0.06-0.10mm. If the depth exceeds 0.15mm, it is prone to aluminum leakage; Less than 0.05mm, aluminum oxide slag and mold release agent quickly clog due to carbon deposition.
The width of a single exhaust groove is 8-15mm, and multiple exhaust grooves are arranged along the end of the casting contour. A 2-3mm spacer is left between the grooves to prevent collapse and aluminum leakage in the entire exhaust area.
A gas collection groove is opened at the rear end of the exhaust groove, with a depth of 0.8-1.2mm, which is not directly connected to the mold cavity and is used to collect gas and reduce exhaust back pressure.
The exhaust end leads to the outside of the mold and it is not allowed to close the dead cavity; If the gas cannot be discharged from the closed exhaust groove, it is equivalent to no exhaust.
During the DFM evaluation of Xinfeng Machinery, priority is given to arranging exhaust at the filling end and the highest point of the thin wall, which is the final gathering position of the gas.
2、 Principles of exhaust layout
Follow the filling flow direction: The aluminum liquid rises from the gate, and the gas gathers at the far end and highest point of the filling process. The exhaust is prioritized at the filling endpoint, the upper edge of the shell, and the top of the inverted buckle.
Generally, the main exhaust is not used at the hot spot position, and the high pressure of the hot spot aluminum liquid can easily cause aluminum to enter and block the exhaust; Exhaust should avoid the sealing pressure band and should not penetrate within the range of 8-12mm of the sealing band.
Each cavity of the multi cavity mold has independent exhaust, without sharing exhaust channels, to avoid aluminum leakage from one cavity and aluminum slag blocking the exhaust of adjacent cavities.
Deep inversion and blind hole positions, separate exhaust on the slider, blind hole gas accumulation is a hidden defect point, making it difficult to investigate.
3、 Differences in exhaust solutions for overseas customers
The exhaust groove of Southeast Asian customers is opened too deep, which is convenient for the fitter to polish and expand on site. In response to poor filling, a small amount of aluminum is accepted for cleaning.
For North American automotive parts, the size and position of the exhaust groove are fixed on the drawing and are not allowed to be polished or deepened on site without authorization. Changes need to be made through engineering change ECN.
European customers tend to prefer dense narrow exhausts with multiple thin exhausts, balancing exhaust efficiency and anti runaway aluminum to reduce later polishing and maintenance.
Middle Eastern thick walled castings with high aluminum liquid pressure. The exhaust groove is set to a depth of 0.06-0.08mm, with priority given to preventing aluminum leakage, and multiple exhaust diversion channels are used.
4、 Characteristics of exhaust failure defects
Exhaust blockage → filling end air holes, cold insulation, flow lines;
The exhaust groove is too deep → the parting surface continues to have strip-shaped flying edges, causing aluminum chips to fall off and form slag inclusions;
Exhaust invades the sealing tape → The sealing tape is washed and pressed by aluminum liquid, and the sealing surface is permanently ineffective;
The exhaust end is closed → the gas back pressure is high, the aluminum liquid filling is not in place, and the pouring is insufficient.
5、 Long tail traffic layout ideas
Exhaust slots, filling end air holes, and cold shuts belong to the DFM defect topic, targeting mold engineers and process engineers.
keywords LPDC mold vent design specification、low pressure casting cold shut from poor venting；
Problem class: vent groove depth for aluminum LPDC die;
Comparison class: parting line vent vs slide core vent.
Suitable for filling simulation and DFM review landing pages.
6、 Common misconceptions in the industry
Misconception 1: The deeper the exhaust groove, the better the exhaust. If the depth exceeds the standard, aluminum will be directly removed, resulting in a significant increase in burrs and slag inclusions.
Misconception 2: The exhaust groove is randomly opened near the sprue, which is the inlet of aluminum liquid. Gas does not gather here, and the exhaust effect is very poor.
Misconception 3: The exhaust duct needs to be opened at once without maintenance, and the release agent will accumulate carbon and aluminum slag will gradually clog, requiring regular cleaning.
FAQ
Q: What is the recommended depth for the main exhaust groove on the parting surface?
A：0.08–0.12mm。
Q: What is the depth of the gas collection groove at the rear end of the exhaust groove?
A：0.8–1.2mm， Collect gas without running aluminum.
Q: Where is the exhaust priority arranged?
A: Filling end, highest point of casting, top of blind hole reverse buckle.
Q: Can the exhaust groove penetrate the sealing tape?
A: No, it will damage the seal and continue to run aluminum.
Q: How to arrange multi cavity exhaust?
A: Each cavity has independent exhaust and does not share a common channel.
Q: What are the main reasons for blocked exhaust ducts?
A: Release agent carbon deposition and aluminum oxide slag accumulation.
Q: What are the exhaust control requirements for North American customers?
A: The size and position are fixed, and it is not allowed to polish and deepen them on site without authorization.
Q: What is the depth of the slider reverse buckle exhaust groove?
A：0.06–0.10mm， Slightly shallower than the main exhaust.

Low pressure castings will experience shrinkage and deformation after cooling and heat treatment, and caliper single point measurement cannot determine the assembly contour; Specialized gauges are the core of batch rapid size control. Incorrect selection of gauge benchmarks and unreasonable arrangement of measuring points can cause batch misjudgment and interference during installation.
1、 Quantitative standards for gauge reference, shrinkage, and tolerance allocation
A356 low pressure casting line shrinkage rate: 0.55-0.75%; The upper limit for thick walled shells is 0.70-0.75%, and the lower limit for thin-walled shells is 0.55-0.65%. The pre release shrinkage of the mold processing is corrected according to the measured value, and theoretical values are not directly applied.
Priority should be given to using the casting machining benchmark for the gauge reference, with unified reference holes, reference surfaces, and machining fixtures to avoid errors caused by benchmark conversion.
Gauge tolerance: generally take 1/3 of the product tolerance; The product has a tolerance of ± 0.2mm, and the manufacturing tolerance of the measuring tool is controlled within ± 0.06mm.
Detection components: flat dial gauge, stop pin, profile card, gap gauge; Freeform surfaces, complex cavities, and coordinate sampling.
The Xinfeng Mechanical Inspection Tool Plan synchronously outputs a list of measuring points, distinguishing between key assembly features and non key appearance features, with a focus on controlling sealing surfaces and installation hole positions.
2、 Structure, Material, Inspection and Maintenance of Inspection Tools
Inspection tool body: aluminum substrate+hard anodizing, or 45 steel quenching; The measurement insert is made of Cr12MoV, which is wear-resistant and has a hardness of HRC58-62.
The positioning pin consists of a fixed reference pin and a floating compensation pin, which releases the stress of free deformation of the casting and prevents false deviation caused by forced pressing.
For castings with large deformation during heat treatment, auxiliary clamping points should be added to the gauge to control the clamping force and avoid bending the castings.
Inspection cycle: Calibrate every 2000 molds for mass production; Long term storage, recheck the benchmark before each launch; Replace the worn-out pins or damaged inserts immediately.
Three coordinate sampling frequency: first piece must be inspected, and after batch stabilization, according to AQL; Restoration of full inspection after size fluctuation, mold replacement, and heat treatment furnace.
3、 Differences in Control of Inspection Tools for Overseas Customers
In Southeast Asia, simple cardboards and calipers are commonly used for spot checks, but the accuracy of the measuring tools is low, and out of tolerance parts are repaired and polished on site.
North American Tier 1 gauge drawings, gauge calibration reports, and GRR analysis must be submitted to PPAP, and GRR<10% can be put into mass production.
European customer gauges with data collection, automatic upload of dial gauge readings, SPC monitoring of size trends, and advance prediction of deformation drift.
Large scale bracket castings in the Middle East have loose dimensional tolerances but strict assembly clearance requirements. Inspection tools focus on the coaxiality of assembly contours and installation holes.
4、 Defective size failure chain
The shrinkage rate value is incorrect → insufficient pre placement of the mold → the overall size of the casting is too small, and the hole position and contour are all out of tolerance;
Inconsistent benchmarks, misalignment between gauge benchmarks and machining benchmarks → measurement qualified, interference during machine assembly;
Uncalibrated wear of inspection tool inserts → Batch misjudgment, defective products flow into assembly;
Unsupported heat treatment → uneven deformation, flange warping, hole spacing deviation.
5、 Long tail traffic layout ideas
Low pressure casting gauges, casting shrinkage rate GRR、 Three coordinate detection, aimed at dimensional engineers and quality inspectors.
Keywords: LPDC casting gauge design, shrinkage rate A356 low pressure casting;
Question category: Height R&R requirement for aluminum casting;
Comparison class: custom checking fixture vs CMM inspection for casting.
Suitable for size inspection and tooling inspection special pages.
6、 Common misconceptions in the industry
Misconception 1: The shrinkage rate is uniformly set at 0.7%, and there is a significant difference in shrinkage between thick and thin castings, with thicker walls experiencing greater shrinkage.
Misconception 2: The tighter the gauge, the better. Forcefully pressing the casting to conceal natural deformation can lead to misjudgment.
Misconception 3: Measuring a few holes with a caliper indicates that the size is qualified, and calipers cannot recognize contours and plane warping.
FAQ
Q: What is the shrinkage range of A356 low-pressure casting line?
A：0.55–0.75%。
Q: Recommended tolerances for gauge manufacturing?
A: 1/3 of the product tolerance.
Q: GRR Qualification Standards (North America)?
A：GRR＜10%。
Q: How to choose the benchmark for measuring tools?
A: Maintain consistency with machining standards.
Q: Measure the hardness of the insert?
A：HRC58–62， wear-resisting.
Q: What are the key points of inspection tools for heat treated deformed parts?
A: Controllable compression, increase support points.
Q: How long does it take to calibrate the measuring tool?
A: Mass production is calibrated every 2000 molds.
Q: How to detect free-form surfaces?
A: Three coordinate sampling inspection.

Manually picking up items with high temperature, high risk, and unstable rhythm; Robot picking up is the mainstream direction of automation upgrade for LPDC production lines. If the selection of gripper, gripping position, secondary cooling, and spraying timing are not coordinated properly, it may result in gripper deformation, falling off, and rhythm jamming.
1、 Quantitative selection of robot load, stroke, and gripper
Load selection: total weight of casting+sprue material+fixture, with a reserved safety factor of 1.5-2 times; High temperature castings can accelerate the aging of the gearbox, and it is not recommended to operate it under extreme load.
Claw classification: Silicone flexible claws are used for thin shell appearance parts to prevent surface damage from compression; Heavy flanges and brackets with hard V-shaped clamps; Priority should be given to clamping the sprue rod for castings with sprue rods, avoiding the casting body.
Clamping point: Priority should be given to flanges and thick rigid areas. Single point clamping of thin walls and suspended bars is prohibited, as they are prone to deformation under high temperature conditions.
Pick up timing: mold opening in place signal → robot entering mold → clamping → removal from mold cavity → delayed release after removal to prevent mold cavity airflow from blowing off the casting.
Xinfeng Machinery can provide robot timing diagrams, safety interference areas, and interlocking signals for mold spraying and ejection.
2、 After picking up the parts, air cooling, material channel, gate pre cutting, safety interlock
After the high-temperature castings are taken out, they are equipped with an air cooling station for directional air cooling, which reduces the temperature of the castings and minimizes deformation during transportation; The wind and cold air volume is 0.3-0.6MPa, and the distance from the casting is 120-180mm.
The gate pre cutting station is integrated into the robot process, and the casting temperature is 280-350 ℃ for cutting, resulting in lower shear force, smoother cross section, and reduced tool wear.
Safety interlock: If the mold is not fully opened or the ejection is not in place, the robot is prohibited from entering the mold; The robot is inside the mold, and the mold is prohibited from closing.
Thermal insulation protection: Install a thermal insulation board on the clamp base to prevent high temperature radiation from being transmitted to the cylinder and sensor; The sensor is selected as a high-temperature resistant type.
3、 Differences in Automation Solutions for Overseas Customers
A small number of robots in Southeast Asia are mostly simplified in timing, without safety interlocks and manual assistance, resulting in a high failure rate.
The North American production line is fully closed-loop signal interlocking, with robot, spraying, ejection, and pressure holding curve linkage, automatic shutdown and locking in case of abnormal situations, and independent safety circuit.
European customers pursue low deformation, gradient air cooling after robot pick-up, smooth transportation speed, and reduced vibration cracks in castings.
Large quantities of single variety in the Middle East, using fixed clamps, simplifying procedures, long-term continuous production, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.
4、 Automated retrieval failure chain
Clamping thin-walled body, single point clamping → high temperature plastic state indentation deformation;
No safety interlock, signal timing disorder → robot collision with mold, damage to mold inserts;
Without thermal insulation protection, the cylinder and sensor are damaged by high temperatures, resulting in frequent shutdowns;
After picking up the parts, there is no air cooling and they are stacked directly. The castings are stacked and deformed, and the flatness exceeds the tolerance.
5、 Long tail traffic layout ideas
Low pressure casting robot for parts picking, automated gripper, production line automation, aimed at automation engineers and production managers.
keywords LPDC robot pick and place、automation gripper for low pressure casting aluminum；
Problem class: Safety interlock for LPDC robot cell;
Comparison category: Soft Silicone Gripper vs Hard Jaw for Casting.
Suitable for upgrading automated production lines.
6、 Common misconceptions in the industry
Misconception 1: The tighter the clamping, the less likely it is for the parts to fall off. High temperature castings have strong plasticity, and excessive clamping force can directly cause compression damage.
Misconception 2: The faster the robot speed, the higher the beat, high-speed start stop vibration, and thin-walled parts are prone to cracking and falling off.
Misconception 3: Choose the clamping position randomly, prioritize grabbing the sprue rod or rigid flange, and avoid thin-walled areas.
FAQ
Q: What is the safety factor of robot load?
A: 1.5-2 times.
Q: What is the recommended clamp type for appearance parts?
A: Silicone flexible gripper.
Q: What is the optimal cutting gate temperature?
A: 280-350 ℃.
Q: What are the prerequisites for robots to enter the mold?
A: The mold is fully opened and pushed out into place.
Q: Recommended air cooling pressure?
A：0.3–0.6MPa。
Q: High temperature gripper matching?
A: Install insulation board and high-temperature resistant sensor.
Q: What are the main causes of robot collision?
A: Lack of signal interlocking and timing disorder.
Q: What clamps are used for thick and heavy castings?
A: Hard V-shaped gripper.

Infiltration is the mainstream repair method for micro hole leakage in castings, which can only seal connected micro holes; Cracks and large holes infiltration are ineffective, and many factories blindly infiltrate, resulting in high rework costs and customer pressure leakage. Infiltration parameters and cleaning and curing process control determine the repair yield.
1、 Infiltration classification, infiltration agent selection and parameters
The mainstream is the third-generation anaerobic infiltration agent, which is heat-resistant and suitable for T6 heat treatment shells; Inorganic impregnating agents have higher temperature resistance, but are more brittle and prone to detachment under vibration conditions.
The standard process for vacuum infiltration: pre cleaning and drying → vacuum pumping -0.095MPa into the tank, holding pressure for 5-8 minutes → injection of infiltration agent → pressurization of 0.4-0.6MPa, holding pressure for 10-15 minutes.
Cleaning: After exiting the tank, overflow and clean in a timely manner to remove residual impregnating agents on the surface and prevent clumping after solidification, which may affect machining and assembly.
Curing: Hot water curing at 85-95 ℃, insulation for 10-20 minutes; Insufficient curing, incomplete polymerization of the impregnating agent, and pressure induced leakage.
Immersion defect boundary: connected micropores with a pore size of ≤ 0.3mm; cracks, pores larger than 0.5mm, and open cold insulation are prohibited from infiltration.
Xinfeng Machinery will mark the allowable infiltration areas on the drawings, and crack defects will be directly rejected and not subject to infiltration repair.
2、 Key points for pre-treatment, drying, and post inspection
Before infiltration, the inner cavity must be thoroughly purged of aluminum shavings, oil stains, and mold release agent residues; Oil stains block the micropores, and the impregnating agent cannot penetrate, rendering repair ineffective.
Drying temperature 80-110 ℃, drying for 15-30 minutes, drying with water vapor inside the micropores. Otherwise, during the vacuum stage, water vapor will occupy the pores and cannot penetrate.
Recheck and pressure after infiltration, and label the repaired parts separately; The same casting can be infiltrated up to 2 times, and multiple infiltrations can cause residual accumulation in the hole, affecting the assembly channel.
Regularly filter the impregnating agent to control impurities and prevent them from blocking the micropores; Collect exhaust gas properly, as the volatilization of anaerobic infiltrators can be irritating.
3、 Differences in infiltration control for overseas customers
Infiltration is widely used in Southeast Asia, with loose standards and multiple infiltrations. Cracks are also attempted to be repaired by infiltration, but there are many complaints of leakage after delivery.
North American Tier 1 specifies that infiltration is prohibited for cracks and hot cracks. The infiltration area and number of infiltration times should be written on the drawing, and infiltration records can be traced.
European customers should try to use advanced technology as much as possible, prioritize solving looseness from molds and processes, reduce infiltration dependence, and use infiltration only as a fallback measure.
Middle Eastern construction machinery shells need to undergo high and low temperature cycling verification after infiltration to test the stability of the infiltration agent binding.
4、 Immersion repair failure chain
Residual oil and water vapor in the micropores → Infiltration agent cannot penetrate → Leakage still occurs under pressure;
Insufficient curing temperature and short time → incomplete polymerization of impregnating agent → subsequent pressure cycling leakage;
Defects are cracks rather than micropores → the infiltration agent cannot bridge the cracks → short-term no leakage, re leakage after vibration;
Surface residual impregnating agent not cleaned → solidified lumps, assembly stuck sealing surface.
5、 Long tail traffic layout ideas
Low pressure casting infiltration process, anaerobic infiltration agent, casting micro hole repair, aimed at quality and repair engineers.
keywords LPDC casting impregnation process、anaerobic sealant for aluminum casting leak repair；
Question class: Vacuum pressure parameter for casting impaction;
Comparison category: Organic Anarobic Imputation vs Inorganic Imputation.
Suitable for leakage repair and sealing property control special pages.
6、 Common misconceptions in the industry
Misconception 1: All leaks can be repaired by infiltration, cracks and large holes are ineffective and belong to fatal defects.
Misconception 2: The more infiltration times, the better. Multiple infiltration can easily lead to residual accumulation and block the oil and gas passages.
Misconception 3: There is no need to clean after infiltration, as residual infiltration agent solidifies and clumps, damaging the sealing surface.
FAQ
Q: Anaerobic infiltration pressure?
A：0.4–0.6MPa， Maintain pressure for 10-15 minutes.
Q: Hot water curing temperature?
A: 85-95 ℃.
Q: What is the upper limit of permeable micropores?
A: Connected micropores with a pore size of ≤ 0.3mm.
Q: What is the purpose of drying before infiltration?
A: Dry the microporous water vapor to ensure the infiltration of the impregnating agent.
Q: Can cracks infiltrate?
A: No, North American customers refuse directly.
Q: How many times can the same casting be infiltrated at most?
A: Suggest not exceeding 2 times.
Q: What are the key points of pre-treatment before infiltration?
A: Remove oil and mold release agent residue.
Q: What are the characteristics of inorganic infiltration agents?
A: Higher temperature resistance, but greater brittleness, prone to failure under vibration conditions.